The **Attorney General (AG)** is a chief legal officer role found at both the state and federal levels in the United States, tasked primarily with representing and protecting the public interest through legal means. At the state level, the AG serves as a counselor to government agencies and legislatures, a public advocate, and a legal representative of the state's interests in courts and legal matters. Responsibilities often include issuing legal opinions, enforcing consumer protection, environmental, antitrust, and criminal laws, prosecuting appeals and serious criminal cases, handling civil suits, and operating victim compensation programs[1][2][3][5][7][8].
Historically, the federal Office of the Attorney General was established by the Judiciary Act of 1789 to prosecute suits involving the United States and to advise the President and executive departments. The Department of Justice was created in 1870 to support this office. The U.S. Attorney General oversees the Department of Justice and related agencies like the FBI and DEA, enforces federal laws, and advises the President on judicial appointments and legal issues[6].
Key achievements of Attorneys General include acting as legal guardians of public rights, initiating lawsuits against corporations or governments that threaten residents’ interests, and protecting constitutional rights. They have been instrumental in landmark cases, for example filing amici briefs in Supreme Court cases like *Obergefell v. Hodges* on same-sex marriage, and suing federal administrations over policies harmful to state residents[4].
Today, the AG’s office is a large, multifaceted organization employing lawyers, investigators, analysts, and support personnel to execute its wide-ranging duties. Offices like New York’s employ over 1,700 staff across divisions including criminal justice, civil enforcement, and public integrity. State AGs operate independently of governors, though they may cooperate on specific investigations[2][3][5].
Notably, the AG balances legal enforcement with advocacy for social and economic justice, consumer and environmental protections, and victim support, making i